Altair > 实例探究 > 通过物联网模拟增强 NASA 宇航员的安全

通过物联网模拟增强 NASA 宇航员的安全

技术

分析与建模 - 数字孪生/模拟
传感器 - 加速度计

适用行业

航天
建筑物

适用功能

产品研发
质量保证

用例

数字孪生
网状网络

服务

测试与认证

关于客户

美国国家航空航天局 (NASA) 是美国政府的机构，负责国家民用太空计划以及航空航天研究。 NASA 成立于 1958 年，拥有超过 18,000 名员工。该组织以其太空探索任务和航空航天领域的技术进步而闻名。对于下一代航天器，美国宇航局正在开发猎户座乘员舱，该舱专为长期深空任务而设计，具有新的设计和新的生命支持、推进、热保护和航空电子系统。

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挑战

美国宇航局的猎户座乘员舱专为长期深空任务而设计，需要清楚地了解水撞击期间产生的动态载荷，以保持航天器的结构完整性并提高乘员组的安全。像猎户座载人舱这样的飞船的水上着陆是一个复杂多变的事件，受到飞行器结构和子结构（例如隔热罩）以及大气和水条件的动态影响。创建此事件的计算机模拟非常困难，而且对网格密度、边界条件和接触界面等输入变量尤其敏感。为了确保模拟尽可能准确地反映现实生活条件，需要物理测试数据来关联并锚定有限元 (FE) 模拟模型。 NASA 工程与安全中心 (NESC) 试图对猎户座乘员舱水上着陆进行动态模拟所需的具体建模方法有一个清晰的了解。

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解决方案

NASA 呼吁 Altair 的产品设计团队作为更大的 NESC 评估团队的一部分来开发这个关键的仿真模型。美国宇航局建造了一个全尺寸样板乘员舱来执行所需的物理测试。该乘员舱主要由带有加固的钢制成，因此可以将其视为刚体进行分析。它配备了多种数据收集设备，例如加速度计、应变计、惯性测量单元和压力传感器。该团队在外表面放置了摄影测量目标，以精确测量乘员舱的轨迹，并在战略位置放置了高速摄像机。 Altair ProductDesign 将加速度计放置在虚拟模型中，以复制物理测试中的加速度计。此外，该模型还具有 25 英尺的水深和 13 英尺的空气高度，以匹配跌落测试条件。仿真团队成员收到物理测试数据后，通过改变输入参数来调整模型，发现加速度数据是最可靠的因素。

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运营影响

The results from the mesh sensitivity study matrix revealed that mesh size ratios of Crew Module to fluid are very important in obtaining good correlation. Altair ProductDesign’s efforts proved so valuable that the NASA Engineering and Safety Center presented its Group Achievement Award to the Crew Module Water Landing Modeling Assessment Team. The team was commended for its “outstanding contributions…on an accelerated schedule” for the coordination of efforts that contributed substantially to the achievement of the NESC mission. The NESC Honor Awards are given each year to NASA Center employees, industry representatives, and other stakeholders for their achievements in engineering, leadership, teamwork and communication. The awards formally identify individuals and groups who have made outstanding contributions to NESC’s mission, demonstrate engineering and technical excellence, and foster an open environment.

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数量效益

Increased confidence in simulation
Improved landing safety systems
Performed more than 60 physical drops of the module at slightly different impact angles and velocities

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